Difference between revisions of "Natural Ventilation Guidelines"
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* Improved indoor air quality by fresh air and air movement in space. | * Improved indoor air quality by fresh air and air movement in space. | ||
* Comfortable occupants. | * Comfortable occupants. | ||
+ | |||
=== Guideline Development === | === Guideline Development === | ||
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* Compare indoor air conditions to outdoor air conditions relative to desired indoor design conditions and determine if windows are "enabled" to be opened if desired by occupants. | * Compare indoor air conditions to outdoor air conditions relative to desired indoor design conditions and determine if windows are "enabled" to be opened if desired by occupants. | ||
* If windows are "enabled" to be opened, indicate so to occupants so they know they can open windows, if desired. Otherwise, windows "disabled". | * If windows are "enabled" to be opened, indicate so to occupants so they know they can open windows, if desired. Otherwise, windows "disabled". | ||
− | ** Put up a "big ass" pinwheel in the central office space to indicate that conditions are favorable for opening windows | + | ** Put up a "big ass" pinwheel in the central office space to indicate that conditions are favorable for opening windows. |
− | ** Communicate that it is not appropriate to open windows if the pinwheel is not up | + | ** Communicate that it is not appropriate to open windows if the pinwheel is not up. |
− | ** Include a line on the building operations opening checklist to check for NV conditions and raise or lower pinwheel | + | ** Include a line on the building operations opening checklist to check for NV conditions and raise or lower pinwheel. |
− | ** Develop and communicate special policy related to opening windows in the back conference rooms | + | ** Develop and communicate special policy related to opening windows in the back conference rooms. |
− | ** If windows in these rooms are open, door to central office space should be closed so as to minimize impact on the rest of the building systems and occupants | + | ** If windows in these rooms are open, door to central office space should be closed so as to minimize impact on the rest of the building systems and occupants. |
* Determine when windows should be closed once open and indicate to occupants. | * Determine when windows should be closed once open and indicate to occupants. | ||
* Determine systems mode; natural ventilation (NV) only, NV plus mechanical ventilation (low or high speed), NV plus radiant floor, NV plus mech ventil and radiant floor. | * Determine systems mode; natural ventilation (NV) only, NV plus mechanical ventilation (low or high speed), NV plus radiant floor, NV plus mech ventil and radiant floor. | ||
==== Process Measurements ==== | ==== Process Measurements ==== | ||
− | * Outdoor air temperature | + | * Outdoor air temperature, dewpoint, wind speed and direction. |
* Forecast for GG area, short term and long term (immediate control and anticipation of where weather is heading to pre-condition building/systems). | * Forecast for GG area, short term and long term (immediate control and anticipation of where weather is heading to pre-condition building/systems). | ||
* Indoor air temperature, humidity, dewpoint. | * Indoor air temperature, humidity, dewpoint. | ||
Line 46: | Line 47: | ||
==== Resources Required ==== | ==== Resources Required ==== | ||
− | * Most reliable forecast | + | * [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0Atz6tNNkXogydElZTGdoUjQ3SmxidFRWMHlCckpHaHc#gid=0 NV Daily Worksheet] for building daily operations |
+ | * Most reliable forecast - [http://www.intellicast.com/local/weather.aspx?location=usmi0229 Intellicast] | ||
* List of measured parameters and acceptable range (max-min) where windows enabled | * List of measured parameters and acceptable range (max-min) where windows enabled | ||
− | * Means of communicating windows enabled | + | * Means of communicating windows enabled - Big Ass Pinwheel |
=== Guidelines === | === Guidelines === | ||
Line 54: | Line 56: | ||
==== Outdoor/Indoor Comparison ==== | ==== Outdoor/Indoor Comparison ==== | ||
− | * Indoor Design Conditions: maximum | + | * Indoor Design Conditions: maximum 78 deg F / 60% RH (Cooling Season) |
− | * Review daily forecast / hourly conditions predicted: temperature | + | * Review daily forecast / hourly conditions predicted: temperature, dewpoint, wind speed & direction |
− | * Use the following conditions as starting point for when windows may be opened: | + | * Use the following conditions as starting point for when windows may be opened in cooling season: |
− | ** Dewpoint equal to or below | + | ** Dewpoint equal to or below 55 deg F |
− | ** Outside air temperature below | + | ** Outside air temperature at least 3 deg F below 78 deg F |
** Relative humidity accounted for in dewpoint parameter (changes with temperature) | ** Relative humidity accounted for in dewpoint parameter (changes with temperature) | ||
** Look at wind speed and direction in relation to temperature and dewpoint to determine how effective NV might be. May help decision making after observing and trending for a period of time. Higher wind speed that enters the building may make temps closer to indoor design more effective by creating air movement if from a direction that enters the building more readily. | ** Look at wind speed and direction in relation to temperature and dewpoint to determine how effective NV might be. May help decision making after observing and trending for a period of time. Higher wind speed that enters the building may make temps closer to indoor design more effective by creating air movement if from a direction that enters the building more readily. | ||
* Initial conditions to use for when windows should be closed: | * Initial conditions to use for when windows should be closed: | ||
− | ** Dewpoint greater than | + | ** Check conditions at 10:00 a.m. and close if |
− | ** Outside air temperature equal to or above | + | *** Dewpoint greater than 55 deg F |
− | ** No apparent air movement from having windows open observed | + | *** Outside air temperature equal to or above 78 deg F |
+ | *** No apparent air movement from having windows open observed | ||
+ | ** Otherwise close windows at noon regardless of conditions | ||
==== Systems Mode ==== | ==== Systems Mode ==== | ||
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==== Forecast ==== | ==== Forecast ==== | ||
+ | * Use the 10-day forecast to determine if building is generally in the heating or cooling mode. If in heating mode, may not want to open windows unless "Indian Summer" day is forecast. | ||
* Use hourly forecast to determine when windows should be closed to hold cooling in and prevent heat from entering (in the summer time, this may be around 10:00 a.m.). | * Use hourly forecast to determine when windows should be closed to hold cooling in and prevent heat from entering (in the summer time, this may be around 10:00 a.m.). | ||
==== Communication ==== | ==== Communication ==== | ||
− | * "Big Ass" | + | * "Big Ass" Pinwheel up when windows may be opened (Joe = Big Ass Pinwheel). |
− | * If | + | * If Pinwheel not visible, windows should be closed. |
=== References === | === References === | ||
---- | ---- | ||
+ | * [https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B9bEzr-Y2qtaTWp4Q3pVbXhUT3M Natural Ventilation Go-No Go Analysis] | ||
* [http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build01/art073.html NIST NV Article] | * [http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build01/art073.html NIST NV Article] | ||
* [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AtbEzr-Y2qtadEpfLWZTUTNENkMyVTNGYUN2aGFZLVE&hl=en_US Experiment Tracker] - summary of all experiments & experiment project management | * [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AtbEzr-Y2qtadEpfLWZTUTNENkMyVTNGYUN2aGFZLVE&hl=en_US Experiment Tracker] - summary of all experiments & experiment project management |
Latest revision as of 19:00, 7 September 2012
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Contents
Natural Ventilation Guidelines
Goals
- Provide cooling and air movement when outside air conditions are favorable compared to indoor conditions and GG Inside Design Criteria.
- Prevent condensation from too much humidity in spaces.
- Connect people to indoor air quality and energy use.
- Provide a safe and easy way to unlock and lock windows, open upstairs back windows.
Decisions to be Made
- When can windows be open.
- When should windows be closed.
- Should ventilation and/or radiant floor cooling system also run when windows are open in open office area (hybrid operation mode).
- What are the different procedures in the enclosed offices and restrooms.
- Should all windows be closed and locked after 5 pm.
Expected Outcomes
- Energy savings from not running fans at times.
- Improved indoor air quality by fresh air and air movement in space.
- Comfortable occupants.
Guideline Development
General
- Compare indoor air conditions to outdoor air conditions relative to desired indoor design conditions and determine if windows are "enabled" to be opened if desired by occupants.
- If windows are "enabled" to be opened, indicate so to occupants so they know they can open windows, if desired. Otherwise, windows "disabled".
- Put up a "big ass" pinwheel in the central office space to indicate that conditions are favorable for opening windows.
- Communicate that it is not appropriate to open windows if the pinwheel is not up.
- Include a line on the building operations opening checklist to check for NV conditions and raise or lower pinwheel.
- Develop and communicate special policy related to opening windows in the back conference rooms.
- If windows in these rooms are open, door to central office space should be closed so as to minimize impact on the rest of the building systems and occupants.
- Determine when windows should be closed once open and indicate to occupants.
- Determine systems mode; natural ventilation (NV) only, NV plus mechanical ventilation (low or high speed), NV plus radiant floor, NV plus mech ventil and radiant floor.
Process Measurements
- Outdoor air temperature, dewpoint, wind speed and direction.
- Forecast for GG area, short term and long term (immediate control and anticipation of where weather is heading to pre-condition building/systems).
- Indoor air temperature, humidity, dewpoint.
- Occupant perception of comfort.
- Coldest typical surface temperatures in space.
Resources Required
- NV Daily Worksheet for building daily operations
- Most reliable forecast - Intellicast
- List of measured parameters and acceptable range (max-min) where windows enabled
- Means of communicating windows enabled - Big Ass Pinwheel
Guidelines
Outdoor/Indoor Comparison
- Indoor Design Conditions: maximum 78 deg F / 60% RH (Cooling Season)
- Review daily forecast / hourly conditions predicted: temperature, dewpoint, wind speed & direction
- Use the following conditions as starting point for when windows may be opened in cooling season:
- Dewpoint equal to or below 55 deg F
- Outside air temperature at least 3 deg F below 78 deg F
- Relative humidity accounted for in dewpoint parameter (changes with temperature)
- Look at wind speed and direction in relation to temperature and dewpoint to determine how effective NV might be. May help decision making after observing and trending for a period of time. Higher wind speed that enters the building may make temps closer to indoor design more effective by creating air movement if from a direction that enters the building more readily.
- Initial conditions to use for when windows should be closed:
- Check conditions at 10:00 a.m. and close if
- Dewpoint greater than 55 deg F
- Outside air temperature equal to or above 78 deg F
- No apparent air movement from having windows open observed
- Otherwise close windows at noon regardless of conditions
- Check conditions at 10:00 a.m. and close if
Systems Mode
- Run ERV system with wheel off to augment air movement, especially in rooms without windows or not on windward/leeward side of building.
Forecast
- Use the 10-day forecast to determine if building is generally in the heating or cooling mode. If in heating mode, may not want to open windows unless "Indian Summer" day is forecast.
- Use hourly forecast to determine when windows should be closed to hold cooling in and prevent heat from entering (in the summer time, this may be around 10:00 a.m.).
Communication
- "Big Ass" Pinwheel up when windows may be opened (Joe = Big Ass Pinwheel).
- If Pinwheel not visible, windows should be closed.
References
- Natural Ventilation Go-No Go Analysis
- NIST NV Article
- Experiment Tracker - summary of all experiments & experiment project management
- Experiment Workbook Template - report template for actual conducting of experiment
Questions
- Dirt?
- Noise?
- Wind blowing papers?
- Security?
TO DO
- Plan / Do / Study / Act / Repeat